Water of crystallization is the water molecules that are present in a crystalline compound. For example, copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4·5H2O) contains five molecules of water of crystallization. Similarly, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (MgSO4·7H2O) contains seven molecules of water of crystallization. Other examples of compounds with water of crystallization include sodium carbonate decahydrate (Na2CO3·10H2O) and alum (KAl(SO4)2·12H2O). The water of crystallization is held in the crystal lattice through hydrogen bonding and plays a role in the stability, solubility, and physical properties of the compound.
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