Identify which of newton’s laws apply to the following situations. 1. When the cannonball is fired through the air (by the explosion), the cannon is pushed backward. 2. Soccer ball will not move until a player kicks it.

1. This situation demonstrates Newton's third law, which states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. The cannonball exerts a force on the air in front of it, and the air exerts an equal and opposite force on the cannonball, which propels it forward. At the same time, the cannon exerts a force on the cannonball, and the cannonball exerts an equal and opposite force on the cannon, pushing it backward. 2. This situation demonstrates Newton's first law, also known as the law of inertia, which states that an object at rest will remain at rest unless acted upon by an external force. The soccer ball will not move until a player applies a force to it, overcoming its inertia and setting it in motion. 3. This situation demonstrates Newton's first law as well, as the object thrown by the astronaut will continue moving in a straight line at a constant speed unless acted upon by other forces, such as gravity or collisions with other objects. 4. This situation demonstrates Newton's second law, which states that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the force applied to it, and inversely proportional to its mass. The same force applied to two objects with different masses will result in different accelerations, as the heavier object will have a larger mass and thus a smaller acceleration than the lighter object.